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今天开始，我要翻译这本书，每天大概翻译一章的一半左右，总共42天。其中的错误，希望有识之士批评指教。
Getting Started with C
从今天开始
A Brief History of the C Language
C语言发展简史
You might be wondering about the origin of the C language and where it got its name. C was created by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1972. The language wasn't created for the fun of it, but for a specific purpose: to design the UNIX operating system (which is used on many computers). From the beginning, C was intended to be useful--to allow busy programmers to get things done.
读者可能好奇C语言是如何来的，为什么叫这么个名字。C语言是贝尔实验室的丹尼斯瑞查尔发明的，时间是1972年。这种语言发明出来不是出于好玩，而是有特殊的目的：设计UNIX操作系统（在很多计算机上使用）。从一开始，C语言就定位为一种可以帮助程序员完成工作的有用工具。
Because C is such a powerful and flexible language, its use quickly spread beyond Bell Labs. Programmers everywhere began using it to write all sorts of programs. Soon, however, different organizations began utilizing their own versions of C, and subtle differences between implementations started to cause programmers headaches. In response to this problem, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) formed a committee in 1983 to establish a standard definition of C, which became known as ANSI Standard C. With few exceptions, every modern C compiler has the ability to adhere to this standard.
因为C语言功能强大，灵活，很快就推广到贝尔实验室的外部。各地的程序员都使开始用C语言编写各类程序。不久，不同的组织开始制定自己版本的C，导致程序员无所适从。为此，美国国家标准委员会在1983年成立了一个专门的部门，制定标准C语言，就是ASSI标准C。大部分C编译器都可以兼容这种C.
Now, what about the name? The C language is so named because its predecessor was called B. The B language was developed by Ken Thompson of Bell Labs. You should be able to guess why it was called B.
C之所以为C，因为它的前者是B。B语言是贝尔实验室肯汤普逊发明的。读者可以想象一下为什么叫B.
Why Use C?
使用C的理由。
In today's world of computer programming, there are many high-level languages to choose from, such as C, Pascal, BASIC, and Java. These are all excellent languages suited for most programming tasks. Even so, there are several reasons why many computer professionals feel that C is at the top of the list:
当今的编程界，有很多可以选择的高级语言，例如C,Pascal，BASIC,JAVA.这些都是很好的编程语言。但是，很多专业程序员还是选择C。
• C is a powerful and flexible language. What you can accomplish with C is limited only by your imagination. The language itself places no constraints on you. C is used for projects as diverse as operating systems, word processors, graphics, spreadsheets, and even compilers for other languages.
• C是强大，灵活的。以C可以完成所有的编程任务。例如操作系统，文字处理软件，图形软件，电子表格，甚至其他语言的编译器。
• C is a popular language preferred by professional programmers. As a result, a wide variety of C compilers and helpful accessories are available.
• 很多专业程序员使用C。因此有很多C编译器和编程辅助工具。
• C is a portable language. Portable means that a C program written for one computer system (an IBM PC, for example) can be compiled and run on another system (a DEC VAX system, perhaps) with little or no modification. Portability is enhanced by the ANSI standard for C, the set of rules for C compilers.
• C是可以移植的。即为一类计算机（例如IBM机）编写的C程序，不经过或者经过很少改动，就可以在另一种计算机（例如DEC VAX机）上编译运行。
• C is a language of few words, containing only a handful of terms, called keywords, which serve as the base on which the language's functionality is built. You might think that a language with more keywords (sometimes called reserved words) would be more powerful. This isn't true. As you program with C, you will find that it can be programmed to do any task.
• C的语言单词很少，或者叫关键词，这些是构成程序的基础。读者可能设想有更多关键词的语言会更强大，这样想是不对的。
• C is modular. C code can (and should) be written in routines called functions. These functions can be reused in other applications or programs. By passing pieces of information to the functions, you can create useful, reusable code.
• C是模块化的，C必须以函数的方式编写程序。这些函数可以重复使用。
楼主 2015-12-24 11:12 回复
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